How to Set Up a Jockey Pump for Reliable Pressure Maintenance

In a fire protection system, a jockey pump — also known as a pressure-maintenance pump — plays a critical role in keeping the system primed and ready. While the main fire pump handles large water demands during emergencies, the jockey pump ensures that small leaks, pressure drops, or minor system losses don’t cause the main pump to start unnecessarily.

Improper jockey pump setup can lead to unstable system pressure, premature wear on equipment, and even false fire pump activations. In this guide, we will explain everything you need to know about setting up a jockey pump properly, from selecting the right specifications to configuring pressure settings and ensuring NFPA 20 compliance.

1. Understanding the Role of a Jockey Pump

A jockey pump is a small-capacity pump that automatically maintains the desired system pressure in a fire protection network. It operates continuously or intermittently to compensate for minor leaks or usage without activating the main fire pump.

Why It Matters

Prevents unnecessary fire pump cycling
Reduces wear and tear on the main pump
Maintains constant system readiness
Improves overall efficiency of the fire protection system

For NFPA 20-compliant fire pump systems, jockey pumps are not optional — they are a recommended best practice.

2. Key Considerations Before Setup

Before installing a jockey pump, it’s important to evaluate several technical factors to ensure the correct pump selection and reliable operation.

2.1 Determine System Pressure Requirements

Check the required operating pressure of the sprinkler or hydrant system.
Ensure the jockey pump’s cut-in and cut-out pressures are set according to NFPA guidelines.

2.2 Select the Correct Pump Capacity

Jockey pumps are typically sized at 1-3% of the main fire pump’s capacity.
Flow rates usually range between 1-10 GPM depending on system size.

2.3 Choose the Right Pump Type

Horizontal centrifugal pumps: Best for compact setups.
Vertical multistage pumps: Ideal for high-rise buildings and systems requiring high pressure.

2.4 Ensure Compatibility with the Main Fire Pump

The jockey pump must complement — not compete with — the main fire pump. The settings and capacities should be aligned for smooth operation.

3. Step-by-Step Guide to Setting Up a Jockey Pump

Step 1: Position the Pump Correctly

Install the jockey pump near the main fire pump for easier integration.
Ensure adequate ventilation and easy access for maintenance.
Place it on a stable, vibration-free foundation to prevent mechanical issues.

Step 2: Connect the Suction and Discharge Lines

Use the same water source as the fire pump to ensure consistent supply.
Keep suction lines as short and straight as possible to minimize pressure loss.
Install isolation valves for easier servicing without draining the entire system.

Step 3: Set Up the Pressure Switch

The jockey pump is controlled by a dedicated pressure switch, which monitors system pressure and turns the pump on or off as needed.

Cut-in pressure: Typically 10 PSI below the system’s required pressure.
Cut-out pressure: Usually 10 PSI above the system’s required pressure.
Always ensure that the jockey pump’s cut-in pressure is higher than the fire pump’s cut-in pressure to avoid accidental fire pump activation.

Step 4: Configure the Controller

Use an automatic jockey pump controller to ensure precise operation.
Some advanced controllers include:
- Digital pressure monitoring
- Alarm integration
- Fault detection

Step 5: Test the System

After installation, conduct a pressure test to ensure:

The jockey pump activates correctly when pressure drops.
The pump shuts off when pressure reaches the desired level.
The main fire pump remains inactive unless there is significant pressure loss.

4. NFPA 20 Guidelines for Jockey Pump Installation

Compliance with NFPA 20 is essential for fire pump systems, including jockey pumps. Key guidelines include:

Jockey pumps should not be used to deliver significant firefighting flow — only to maintain pressure.
The jockey pump capacity should be small enough to prevent masking a leak in the system.
Controllers must be independent of the fire pump controller.
Pressure settings must ensure the main fire pump only activates under real demand.

5. Common Mistakes to Avoid

Improper jockey pump installation can cause serious operational problems. Here are the most common errors and how to avoid them:

Mistake	Consequence	Solution
Incorrect pressure settings	Frequent fire pump cycling	Set cut-in/cut-out correctly
Oversized jockey pump	Masks system leaks	Follow 1-3% capacity guideline
Shared controllers	Loss of independent operation	Use dedicated jockey controller
Poor suction pipe design	Low pump efficiency	Keep suction lines short/straight
Skipping regular maintenance	Reduced pump lifespan	Inspect pump and controls monthly

6. Maintenance Tips for Reliable Performance

Even with correct setup, jockey pumps require regular maintenance to ensure long-term reliability.

Monthly inspection: Check pump, motor, and controller operation.
Quarterly testing: Simulate small leaks to ensure the pump activates properly.
Annual maintenance: Inspect seals, bearings, and impellers; replace worn parts.
Controller calibration: Verify pressure switch settings regularly.

Consistent maintenance reduces unexpected downtime and keeps your fire protection system ready 24/7.

7. Troubleshooting Jockey Pump Issues

Problem	Possible Cause	Solution
Pump runs continuously	Incorrect pressure settings	Adjust cut-in/cut-out points
Pump fails to start	Faulty pressure switch	Test and replace switch
Frequent cycling	System leaks or oversized pump	Inspect pipes and resize pump
Unusual noise/vibration	Misalignment or worn bearings	Realign and replace bearings

8. Why Choose Better Technology Group Jockey Pumps

As a leading manufacturer of fire pumps, Better Technology Group designs and produces high-performance jockey pumps that comply with NFPA 20 and international standards. Our jockey pumps are engineered for:

Precision pressure control
Energy efficiency
Durable performance
Easy integration with fire pump systems

We also provide customized solutions tailored to your fire protection requirements, ensuring safety and compliance.

Conclusion

A properly set up jockey pump is essential for maintaining stable pressure in a fire protection system and ensuring that the main fire pump activates only when truly needed. By selecting the right pump, following NFPA 20 guidelines, and configuring your pressure settings correctly, you can improve system reliability, reduce operational costs, and enhance overall fire safety.

For high-quality jockey pumps and comprehensive technical support, Better Technology Group is here to help you design, install, and maintain a reliable fire protection system.